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CES has extensive experience in providing a variety of regulatory driven mining investigations including: Preliminary Assessments (PAs), Site Inspections (SIs), Engineering Evaluations/Cost Analysis (EECAs), Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Studies (RIFSs) and Removal Action/Remedial Design, Implementation, and Closure under a variety of regulatory processes including Superfund (CERCLA), RCRA and state programs. Due to the large volumes of water requiring treatment, many mines are considering wastewater land application to avoid discharge to surface water. At mine sites, wastewater has been used to improve revegetation performance during reclamation. CES soil scientists can design complete reclamation plans that include the design of "water balance" soil covers for minimizing percolation through waste materials while promoting evaporation, attenuation and revegetation. CES employs a staff of geologists and hydrologists that provide technical services for mining projects involving comprehensive watershed analysis, upland water flow, open-channel flow, lagoon design, watershed management plans, baseline surface water quality surveys, flood management, computer modeling and unsaturated and saturated zone monitoring. CES soil scientists and hydrologists have pioneered the development and implementation of low cost unsaturated (vadose) zone monitoring techniques for assessing the performance of land application sites and leak detection at heap leach pads, tailings ponds and process water ponds. CES also provides the following services for mining related projects:
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